On June 13, 2025, the long-simmering conflict between Iran and Israel escalated into open warfare, marked by a series of intense military exchanges. Israel initiated a large-scale operation, dubbed “Operation Rising Lion,” targeting Iran’s nuclear facilities, military infrastructure, and senior leadership. The Israeli strikes, which began in the early hours of Friday, hit over 100 targets, including the Natanz uranium enrichment site, ballistic missile sites, and key military bases like the Hamadan and Tabriz air bases.
The attacks killed several high-ranking Iranian officials, including Hossein Salami, commander-in-chief of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC), Mohammad Bagheri, chief of staff of the Iranian military, and top nuclear scientists. Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu stated the operation aimed to dismantle Iran’s nuclear program and military command, which he described as an existential threat to Israel’s survival, claiming Iran was close to producing a nuclear weapon.
The U.S., despite initially urging restraint, became involved by helping intercept Iranian missiles and had prior knowledge of Israel’s plans, with President Trump confirming discussions with Netanyahu.
Trump expressed hope for a diplomatic resolution but noted the attacks could push Iran toward a nuclear deal, though talks were stalled. The conflict raised fears of a broader regional war, with the U.S. evacuating nonessential personnel from Iraq and military families from Middle East bases in anticipation of further escalation.